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Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos of Christchurch City LIbraries Outreach staff working in welfare centres following the February 22 earthquake. File ref: CCL-2011-02-27-OperationStoryTime-lynette-and-boys-on-bikes From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video of a presentation by Professor David Johnston during the fourth plenary of the 2016 People in Disasters Conference. Johnston is a Senior Scientist at GNS Science and Director of the Joint Centre for Disaster Research in the School of Psychology at Massey University. The presentation is titled, "Understanding Immediate Human Behaviour to the 2010-2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence, Implications for injury prevention and risk communication".The abstract for the presentation reads as follows: The 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquake sequences have given us a unique opportunity to better understand human behaviour during and immediately after an earthquake. On 4 September 2010, a magnitude 7.1 earthquake occurred near Darfield in the Canterbury region of New Zealand. There were no deaths, but several thousand people sustained injuries and sought medical assistance. Less than 6 months later, a magnitude 6.2 earthquake occurred under Christchurch City at 12:51 p.m. on 22 February 2011. A total of 182 people were killed in the first 24 hours and over 7,000 people injured overall. To reduce earthquake casualties in future events, it is important to understand how people behaved during and immediately after the shaking, and how their behaviour exposed them to risk of death or injury. Most previous studies have relied on an analysis of medical records and/or reflective interviews and questionnaire studies. In Canterbury we were able to combine a range of methods to explore earthquake shaking behaviours and the causes of injuries. In New Zealand, the Accident Compensation Corporation (a national health payment scheme run by the government) allowed researchers to access injury data from over 9,500 people from the Darfield (4 September 2010) and Christchurch (22 February 2011 ) earthquakes. The total injury burden was analysed for demography, context of injury, causes of injury, and injury type. From the injury data inferences into human behaviour were derived. We were able to classify the injury context as direct (immediate shaking of the primary earthquake or aftershocks causing unavoidable injuries), and secondary (cause of injury after shaking ceased). A second study examined people's immediate responses to earthquakes in Christchurch New Zealand and compared responses to the 2011 earthquake in Hitachi, Japan. A further study has developed a systematic process and coding scheme to analyse earthquake video footage of human behaviour during strong earthquake shaking. From these studies a number of recommendations for injury prevention and risk communication can be made. In general, improved building codes, strengthening buildings, and securing fittings will reduce future earthquake deaths and injuries. However, the high rate of injuries incurred from undertaking an inappropriate action (e.g. moving around) during or immediately after an earthquake suggests that further education is needed to promote appropriate actions during and after earthquakes. In New Zealand - as in US and worldwide - public education efforts such as the 'Shakeout' exercise are trying to address the behavioural aspects of injury prevention.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110823 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110824 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton showing the demolition of various buildings following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-05-20-Lyttelton-Demolition-P1120471 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110836 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110833 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110832 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110839 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110830 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120099 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120098 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference:CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120078 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120090 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120043 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120048 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton showing the demolition of various buildings following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-05-20-Lyttelton-Demolition-P1120454 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120082 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120079 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton on April 20 showing the demolitions on London Street following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-04-20-Lyttelton-Demolitions-P1120074 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110828 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton showing the demolition of various buildings following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-05-20-Lyttelton-Demolition-P1120473 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries.

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

File reference: CCL-2011-04-08-Lyttelton-Library-P1110835 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries Photos of Lyttelton Library on Friday 8 April, the day it re-opened after the February 22 earthquake.