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Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Asset management in power systems is exercised to improve network reliability to provide confidence and security for customers and asset owners. While there are well-established reliability metrics that are used to measure and manage business-as-usual disruptions, an increasing appreciation of the consequences of low-probability high-impact events means that resilience is increasingly being factored into asset management in order to provide robustness and redundancy to components and wider networks. This is particularly important for electricity systems, given that a range of other infrastructure lifelines depend upon their operation. The 2010-2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence provides valuable insights into electricity system criticality and resilience in the face of severe earthquake impacts. While above-ground assets are relatively easy to monitor and repair, underground assets such as cables emplaced across wide areas in the distribution network are difficult to monitor, identify faults on, and repair. This study has characterised in detail the impacts to buried electricity cables in Christchurch resulting from seismically-induced ground deformation caused primarily by liquefaction and lateral spread. Primary modes of failure include cable bending, stretching, insulation damage, joint braking and, being pulled off other equipment such as substation connections. Performance and repair data have been compiled into a detailed geospatial database, which in combination with spatial models of peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity and ground deformation, will be used to establish rigorous relationships between seismicity and performance. These metrics will be used to inform asset owners of network performance in future earthquakes, further assess component criticality, and provide resilience metrics.

Research papers, The University of Auckland Library

Following the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquakes, a renewed focus has been directed across New Zealand to the hazard posed by the country‘s earthquake-vulnerable buildings, namely unreinforced masonry (URM) and reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with potentially nonductile components that have historically performed poorly in large earthquakes. The research reported herein was pursued with the intention of addressing several recommendations made by the Canterbury Earthquakes Royal Commission of Inquiry which were classified into the following general categories:  Identification and provisional vulnerability assessment of URM and RC buildings and building components;  Testing, assessment, and retrofitting of URM walls loaded out-of-plane, with a particular focus on highly vulnerable URM cavity walls;  Testing and assessment of RC frame components, especially those with presumably non-ductile reinforcement detailing;  Portfolio management considering risks, regulations, and potential costs for a portfolio that includes several potentially earthquake-vulnerable buildings; and  Ongoing investigations and proposed research needs. While the findings from the reported research have implications for seismic assessments of buildings across New Zealand and elsewhere, an emphasis was placed on Auckland given this research program‘s partnership with the Auckland Council, the Auckland region accounting for about a third each of the country‘s population and economic production, and the number and variety of buildings within the Auckland building stock. An additional evaluation of a historic building stock was carried out for select buildings located in Hawke‘s Bay, and additional experimental testing was carried out for select buildings located in Hawke‘s Bay and Christchurch.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Buildings subject to earthquake shaking will tend to move not only horizontally but also rotate in plan. In-plan rotation is known as “building torsion” and it may occur for a variety of reasons, including stiffness and strength eccentricity and/or torsional effects from ground motions. Methods to consider torsion in structural design standards generally involve analysis of the structure in its elastic state. This is despite the fact that the structural elements can yield, thereby significantly altering the building response and the structural element demands. If demands become too large, the structure may collapse. While a number of studies have been conducted into the behavior of structures considering inelastic building torsion, there appears to be no consensus that one method is better than another and as a result, provisions within current design standards have not adopted recent proposals in the literature. However, the Canterbury Earthquakes Royal Commission recently made the recommendation that provisions to account for inelastic torsional response of buildings be introduced within New Zealand building standards. Consequently, this study examines how and to what extent the torsional response due to system eccentricity may affect the seismic performance of a building and considers what a simple design method should account for. It is concluded that new methods should be simple, be applicable to both the elastic and inelastic range of response, consider bidirectional excitation and include guidance for multi-story systems.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph looking south-west along Williams Street, from the Williams Street bridge, in Kaiapoi. In the distance is the rebuilt Blackwell's Department Store. The department store was rebuilt after the previous building was damaged in the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

The purpose of this research is to investigate men’s experiences of the 2016 7.8 magnitude Kaikōura earthquake and Tsunami. While, research into the impacts of the earthquake has been conducted, few studies have examined how gender shaped people’s experiences of this natural hazard event. Analysing disasters through a gender lens has significantly contributed to disaster scholarship in identifying the resilience and vulnerabilities of individuals and communities pre- and post-disaster (Fordham, 2012; Bradshaw, 2013). This research employs understandings of masculinities (Connell, 2005), to examine men’s strengths and challenges in responding, recovering, and coping following the earthquake. Qualitative inquiry was carried out in Northern Canterbury and Marlborough involving 18 face-to-face interviews with men who were impacted by the Kaikōura earthquake and its aftermath. Interview material is being analysed using thematic and narrative analysis. Some of the preliminary findings have shown that men took on voluntary roles in addition to their fulltime paid work resulting in long hours, poor sleep and little time spent with family. Some men assisted wives and children to high ground then drove into the tsunami zone to check on relatives or to help evacuate people. Although analysis of the findings is currently ongoing, preliminary findings have identified that the men who participated in the study have been negatively impacted by the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake. A theme identified amongst participants was an avoidance to seek support with the challenges they were experiencing due to the earthquake. The research findings align with key characteristics of masculinity, including demonstrating risky behaviours and neglecting self or professional care. This study suggests that these behaviours affect men’s overall resilience, and thus the resilience of the wider community.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A local musician entertaining University of Canterbury students inside the UCSA's "Big Top" tent. The tent was erected in the UCSA car park to provide support for students in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The students have spent the day clearing liquefaction from Christchurch properties as part of the Student Volunteer Army.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A local musician entertaining University of Canterbury students inside the UCSA's "Big Top" tent. The tent was erected in the UCSA car park to provide support for students in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The students have spent the day clearing liquefaction from Christchurch properties as part of the Student Volunteer Army.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A local musician entertaining University of Canterbury students inside the UCSA's "Big Top" tent. The tent was erected in the UCSA car park to provide support for students in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The students have spent the day clearing liquefaction from Christchurch properties as part of the Student Volunteer Army.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

An image from a Navy Today April 2011 article titled, "Project Protector Makes a Difference". The image shows the HMNZS Pukaki, Otago and Canterbury alongside each other at the Lyttelton Port. The earthquake response was the first time one ship of each Project Protector class had been in a New Zealand port together (outside of the naval base).

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A collection of wheelbarrows from the Student Volunteer Army in the car park of the USCA. The wheelbarrows have been returned by students after a day of clearing liquefaction from Christchurch properties. Behind them the UCSA's "Big Top" tent can be seen, which was erected to provide support for students at the University of Canterbury in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

University of Canterbury students watching a local musician perform inside the UCSA's "Big Top" tent. The tent was erected in the UCSA car park to provide support for students in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The students have spent the day clearing liquefaction from Christchurch properties as part of the Student Volunteer Army.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

University of Canterbury students watching a local musician perform inside the UCSA's "Big Top" tent. The tent was erected in the UCSA car park to provide support for students in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The students have spent the day clearing liquefaction from Christchurch properties as part of the Student Volunteer Army.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of administrators and technicians from the Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering at the University of Canterbury enjoying a barbeque outside the Avonhead Baptist Church. The students and staff from this department used the church as a base after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, until their building on campus was deemed safe to enter.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

The 14 November 2016 Kaikōura earthquake had major impacts on New Zealand's transport system. Road, rail and port infrastructure was damaged, creating substantial disruption for transport operators, residents, tourists, and business owners in the Canterbury, Marlborough and Wellington regions, with knock-on consequences elsewhere. During both the response and recovery phases, a large amount of information and data relating to the transport system was generated, managed, analysed, and exchanged within and between organisations to assist decision making. To improve information and data exchanges and related decision making in the transport sector during future events and guide new resilience strategies, we present key findings from a recent post-earthquake assessment. The research involved 35 different stakeholder groups and was conducted for the Ministry of Transport. We consider what transport information was available, its usefulness, where it was sourced from, mechanisms for data transfer between organisations, and suggested approaches for continued monitoring.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

An image from a Navy Today April 2011 article titled, "Feeding the Multitudes". The image is of CPOCH Perrin Newland head chief of the HMNZS Canterbury which moored in Lyttelton after the 22 February 2011 earthquake, supplying meals to the Lyttelton community.