Looking through the cordon fence on Worcester Boulevard towards the Cathedral. Beams propping up Our City are visible on the left, and the dome of the Regent Theatre, removed and placed on the ground to protect it from further damage, is in front of the Cathedral.
A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Canterbury Provincial Chambers. The top section of the building has crumbled, the masonry spilling onto the footpath. Wire fencing has been placed around the building as a cordon.
A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Canterbury Provincial Chambers on Durham Street. The top of the chamber has crumbled, and the masonry has fallen onto the footpath. Scaffolding which was erected after the 4 September 2010 earthquake has also fallen.
A photograph of the Observatory tower at the Christchurch Arts Centre. There are cracks in the masonry of the tower near where the two storeys join. The cracks formed as a result of the 4 September 2010 earthquake.
A view down Worcester Street towards the Regent Theatre building. Tiles have fallen away from the Regent Theatre's red dome. In the foreground the Clarendon Hotel can be seen, with a large crack where the facade has pulled away from the rest of the building.
Residents walk along River Road past large cracks where the road has slumped towards the river. The photographer comments, "Lateral spreading cracks in River Rd; the land left of the crack moved towards the river. The Banks Ave/Dallington Tce end of our block is impassable".
Trees alongside the Avon River in Richmond. The river level is high, and the water is grey with silt. One of the trees is leaning towards the river. The photographer comments, "High river levels because of liquefaction in the Avon. Near 373 River Rd, Richmond".
The supply of water following disasters has always been of significant concern to communities. Failure of water systems not only causes difficulties for residents and critical users but may also affect other hard and soft infrastructure and services. The dependency of communities and other infrastructure on the availability of safe and reliable water places even more emphasis on the resilience of water supply systems. This thesis makes two major contributions. First, it proposes a framework for measuring the multifaceted resilience of water systems, focusing on the significance of the characteristics of different communities for the resilience of water supply systems. The proposed framework, known as the CARE framework, consists of eight principal activities: (1) developing a conceptual framework; (2) selecting appropriate indicators; (3) refining the indicators based on data availability; (4) correlation analysis; (5) scaling the indicators; (6) weighting the variables; (7) measuring the indicators; and (8) aggregating the indicators. This framework allows researchers to develop appropriate indicators in each dimension of resilience (i.e., technical, organisational, social, and economic), and enables decision makers to more easily participate in the process and follow the procedure for composite indicator development. Second, it identifies the significant technical, social, organisational and economic factors, and the relevant indicators for measuring these factors. The factors and indicators were gathered through a comprehensive literature review. They were then verified and ranked through a series of interviews with water supply and resilience specialists, social scientists and economists. Vulnerability, redundancy and criticality were identified as the most significant technical factors affecting water supply system robustness, and consequently resilience. These factors were tested for a scenario earthquake of Mw 7.6 in Pukerua Bay in New Zealand. Four social factors and seven indicators were identified in this study. The social factors are individual demands and capacities, individual involvement in the community, violence level in the community, and trust. The indicators are the Giving Index, homicide rate, assault rate, inverse trust in army, inverse trust in police, mean years of school, and perception of crime. These indicators were tested in Chile and New Zealand, which experienced earthquakes in 2010 and 2011 respectively. The social factors were also tested in Vanuatu following TC Pam, which hit the country in March 2015. Interestingly, the organisational dimension contributed the largest number of factors and indicators for measuring water supply resilience to disasters. The study identified six organisational factors and 17 indicators that can affect water supply resilience to disasters. The factors are: disaster precaution; predisaster planning; data availability, data accessibility and information sharing; staff, parts, and equipment availability; pre-disaster maintenance; and governance. The identified factors and their indicators were tested for the case of Christchurch, New Zealand, to understand how organisational capacity affected water supply resilience following the earthquake in February 2011. Governance and availability of critical staff following the earthquake were the strongest organisational factors for the Christchurch City Council, while the lack of early warning systems and emergency response planning were identified as areas that needed to be addressed. Economic capacity and quick access to finance were found to be the main economic factors influencing the resilience of water systems. Quick access to finance is most important in the early stages following a disaster for response and restoration, but its importance declines over time. In contrast, the economic capacity of the disaster struck area and the water sector play a vital role in the subsequent reconstruction phase rather than in the response and restoration period. Indicators for these factors were tested for the case of the February 2011 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand. Finally, a new approach to measuring water supply resilience is proposed. This approach measures the resilience of the water supply system based on actual water demand following an earthquake. The demand-based method calculates resilience based on the difference between water demand and system capacity by measuring actual water shortage (i.e., the difference between water availability and demand) following an earthquake.
A video of a presentation by Garry Williams during the fourth plenary of the 2016 People in Disasters Conference. Williams is the Programme Manager of the Ministry of Education's Greater Christchurch Education Renewal Programme. The presentation is titled, "Education Renewal: A section response to the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake".The abstract for this presentation reads as follows: The Canterbury earthquakes caused a disaster recovery situation unparalleled in New Zealand's history. In addition to widespread damage to residential dwellings and destruction of Christchurch's central business district, the earthquakes damaged more than 200 schools from Hurunui in the north, to the Mackenzie District in the east, and Timaru in the south. The impact on education provision was substantial, with the majority of early childhood centres, schools and tertiary providers experiencing damage or subsequent, with the majority of early childhood centres, schools and tertiary providers experiencing damage or subsequent operational issues caused by the ensuing migration of people. Following the February earthquake, over 12,000 students had left the school they had been attending and enrolled elsewhere - often at a school outside the region. Shortened school days and compression of teaching into short periods meant shift-sharing students engaged in the curriculum being delivered in more diverse ways. School principals and staff reported increased fatigue and stress and changes in student behaviours, often related to repeated exposure to and ongoing reminders of the trauma of the earthquakes. While there has been a shift from direct, trauma-related presentations to the indirect effects of psychological adversity and daily life stresses, international experiences tells us that psychological recovery generally lags behind the immediate physical recovery and rebuilding. The Ministries of Health and Education and the Canterbury District Health Board have developed and implemented a joint action plan to address specifically the emerging mental health issues for youth in Canterbury. However, the impact of vulnerable and stressed adults on children's behaviour contributes to the overall impact of ongoing wellbeing issues on the educational outcomes for the community. There is substantial evidence supporting the need to focus on adults' resilience so they can support children and youth. Much of the Ministry's work around supporting children under stress is through supporting the adults responsible for teaching them and leading their schools. The education renewal programme exists to assist education communities to rebuild and look toward renewal. The response to the earthquakes provides a significant opportunity to better meet the needs and aspirations of children and youth people. All the parents want to see their children eager to learn, achieving success, and gaining knowledge and skills that will, in time, enable them to become confident, adaptable, economically independent adults. But this is not always the case, hence our approach to education renewal seeks to address inequities and improve outcome, while prioritising actions that will have a positive impact on learners in greatest need of assistance.
An aerial photograph of the Christchurch central city. The photograph has been captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "This photograph shows nearly all of the CBD. The two streets which are prominent in this photograph are Manchester Street on the left and Colombo Street on the right of the photograph. This photograph is from the north, looking towards the southern part of the city. Cathedral Square is about half way up, towards the right. It shows the extent of demolition that has happened already close to the river and near the Manchester/Gloucester Street intersection where there is a lot of bare land surrounding Radio Network House".
A video contributed by Hugh, a participant in the Understanding Place research project. The video has the description "Hugh talks about the damage his old house received during the earthquake and also the New Brighton area".
The Terrace on the Park apartment building at 78 Park Terrace. Shipping containers have been placed at the entrance to the building to protect workers removing the contents of the building.
A view inside the safety fence surrounding the Cranmer Courts on Montreal Street. Sections of masonry from the building have collapsed onto the footpath. In the background a crane can be seen working on the building.
The roof of the right tower on the Durham Street Methodist Church. Part of the stonework on the left has broken and fallen off the building.
The roof of the right tower on the Durham Street Methodist Church. Part of the stonework on the left has broken and fallen off the building.
A house in Richmond being demolished. Workers hose down the house to prevent dust. The back of the house and most of the roof have been demolished. The photographer comments, "The end of 393 River Rd".
A photograph submitted by Francis Vallance to the QuakeStories website. The description reads, "The gate of the Convent of Mercy, Lyttelton. The convent was destroyed in the September 2010 earthquake as this earlier image shows".
The start of the New Brighton Jubilee River Walk, next to the Avon River and the Estuary. The Council has built a stop bank along the walkway.
A view of the Hereford Street bridge, looking east over the Avon River. Wire fencing has been placed at the entrance to the bridge, indicating the edge of the central city cordon.
Damage to the former Sumner Borough Council building. The brickwork is badly cracked, and parts of the wall have collapsed, exposing the interior. Shipping containers below the building protect the street from falling masonry.
The Brooklands Community Hall with the UC QuakeBox parked in the car park. A sign with the opening time has been placed on the other side of the road.
A vehicle drives onto the damaged Dallington bridge. The land has slumped relative to the bridge, leaving the approach road at a steep incline. The photographer comments, "Dallington Bridge northern approach, Gayhurst Rd".
A house in Richmond being demolished. Workers hose down the house to prevent dust. The back of the house and most of the roof have been demolished. The photographer comments, "The end of 393 River Rd".
A photograph of the earthquake damage to a house in the Christchurch central city. The bricks walls of the building have collapsed and the bricks have spilt into the garden.
Paintwork on the side of a building in High Street exposed by the demolition of the adjoining building. The photographer comments, "I'm fascinated by the 'shadows' left behind on the sides of buildings by their neighbours".
The north end of the Gayhurst Road bridge, cracked down the side, the posts bent inwards and the road buckled. Tape has been woven across the bridge.
A house in Richmond being demolished. Workers hose down the house to prevent dust. The back of the house and most of the roof have been demolished. The photographer comments, "The end of 393 River Rd".
Scaffolding on the side of the Windsor Hotel which has been bent by the collapse of the building's brick wall. The hotel's fire escape has buckled and become detached from the wall.
Damage to the former Sumner Borough Council building. The brickwork is badly cracked, and parts of the wall have collapsed, exposing the interior. Shipping containers below the building protect the street from falling masonry.
The ground floor of the BNZ Building, seen from High Street. The glass has been removed and the insides gutted. The Cathedral can be viewed through the other side.