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Images, eqnz.chch.2010

The magnitude 7.1 Christchurch earthquake broke off an enormous chunk of Castle Rock in the Port Hills which has tumbled down towards the Lyttelton tunnel. View from Morgan's Valley (-43.578037° 172.714828°).

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Band Together - Concert for Canterbury www.bandtogetherforcanterbury.co.nz 23rd October 2010 Free concrete in Hagley Park following the 4th September 2010 earthquake

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Band Together - Concert for Canterbury www.bandtogetherforcanterbury.co.nz 23rd October 2010 Free concrete in Hagley Park following the 4th September 2010 earthquake

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Band Together - Concert for Canterbury www.bandtogetherforcanterbury.co.nz 23rd October 2010 Free concrete in Hagley Park following the 4th September 2010 earthquake

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

waiting for assessment the pattern of the aftershock since Saturday the 04/09/2010 www.stuff.co.nz/national/canterbury-earthquake/4114666/Qu...

Research Papers, Lincoln University

The aftermath of three earthquakes has forced Christchurch to re-plan and rebuild. New perspectives of a sustainable city have arisen granting Christchurch the chance of becoming an example to the world. This work is centred on bioclimatic landscape design as a base for greening strategies. It deals with strategic landscape design adapted to a specific climate, from a user’s perspective. The investigation will be applied to Christchurch’s urban centres, assessing cultural adaptability to the local climate and implications for landscape design. Climatic data shows that humidity is not a local problem. However, the wind is the determinant. In Christchurch the solar radiation and the prevailing winds are the most important microclimatic variables, the latter intensifying the loss of surface heat, decreasing the radiant temperature and affecting thermal sensation. The research objective is to explore design parameters at the street-scale and identify ways to maximise thermal comfort in outdoor spaces through design-based strategies. The investigation will apply methods of participant observation, depth interviews, climatic data collection and design experimentation based on thermal comfort models and computer simulation tools. Case study sites chosen for investigation are places with current levels of activity that may be anticipated in the rebuild of the central city. The research will have two main outcomes: improved understanding of local urban culture adaptation to microclimate, and a demonstration of how design can enhance adaption. These outcomes will inform designers and city managers about good design practices and strategies that can be used to ensure a long term liveable city.

Research papers, The University of Auckland Library

The supply of water following disasters has always been of significant concern to communities. Failure of water systems not only causes difficulties for residents and critical users but may also affect other hard and soft infrastructure and services. The dependency of communities and other infrastructure on the availability of safe and reliable water places even more emphasis on the resilience of water supply systems. This thesis makes two major contributions. First, it proposes a framework for measuring the multifaceted resilience of water systems, focusing on the significance of the characteristics of different communities for the resilience of water supply systems. The proposed framework, known as the CARE framework, consists of eight principal activities: (1) developing a conceptual framework; (2) selecting appropriate indicators; (3) refining the indicators based on data availability; (4) correlation analysis; (5) scaling the indicators; (6) weighting the variables; (7) measuring the indicators; and (8) aggregating the indicators. This framework allows researchers to develop appropriate indicators in each dimension of resilience (i.e., technical, organisational, social, and economic), and enables decision makers to more easily participate in the process and follow the procedure for composite indicator development. Second, it identifies the significant technical, social, organisational and economic factors, and the relevant indicators for measuring these factors. The factors and indicators were gathered through a comprehensive literature review. They were then verified and ranked through a series of interviews with water supply and resilience specialists, social scientists and economists. Vulnerability, redundancy and criticality were identified as the most significant technical factors affecting water supply system robustness, and consequently resilience. These factors were tested for a scenario earthquake of Mw 7.6 in Pukerua Bay in New Zealand. Four social factors and seven indicators were identified in this study. The social factors are individual demands and capacities, individual involvement in the community, violence level in the community, and trust. The indicators are the Giving Index, homicide rate, assault rate, inverse trust in army, inverse trust in police, mean years of school, and perception of crime. These indicators were tested in Chile and New Zealand, which experienced earthquakes in 2010 and 2011 respectively. The social factors were also tested in Vanuatu following TC Pam, which hit the country in March 2015. Interestingly, the organisational dimension contributed the largest number of factors and indicators for measuring water supply resilience to disasters. The study identified six organisational factors and 17 indicators that can affect water supply resilience to disasters. The factors are: disaster precaution; predisaster planning; data availability, data accessibility and information sharing; staff, parts, and equipment availability; pre-disaster maintenance; and governance. The identified factors and their indicators were tested for the case of Christchurch, New Zealand, to understand how organisational capacity affected water supply resilience following the earthquake in February 2011. Governance and availability of critical staff following the earthquake were the strongest organisational factors for the Christchurch City Council, while the lack of early warning systems and emergency response planning were identified as areas that needed to be addressed. Economic capacity and quick access to finance were found to be the main economic factors influencing the resilience of water systems. Quick access to finance is most important in the early stages following a disaster for response and restoration, but its importance declines over time. In contrast, the economic capacity of the disaster struck area and the water sector play a vital role in the subsequent reconstruction phase rather than in the response and restoration period. Indicators for these factors were tested for the case of the February 2011 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand. Finally, a new approach to measuring water supply resilience is proposed. This approach measures the resilience of the water supply system based on actual water demand following an earthquake. The demand-based method calculates resilience based on the difference between water demand and system capacity by measuring actual water shortage (i.e., the difference between water availability and demand) following an earthquake.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

New Zealand has a long tradition of using light timber frame for construction of its domestic dwellings. After the most recent earthquakes (e.g. Canterbury earthquakes sequence), wooden residential houses showed satisfactory life safety performance. However, poor performance was reported in terms of their seismic resilience. Although numerous innovative methods to mitigate damage have been introduced to the New Zealand community in order to improve wooden house performance, these retrofit options have not been readily taken up. The low number of retrofitted wooden-framed houses leads to questions about whether homeowners are aware of the necessity of seismic retrofitting their houses to achieve a satisfactory seismic performance. This study aims to explore different retrofit technologies that can be applied to wooden-framed houses in Wellington, taking into account the need of homeowners to understand the risk, likelihood and extent of damage expected after an event. A survey will be conducted in Wellington about perceptions of homeowners towards the expected performance of their wooden-framed houses. The survey questions were designed to gain an understanding of homeowners' levels of safety and awareness of possible damage after a seismic event. Afterwards, a structural review of a sample of the houses will be undertaken to identify common features and detail potential seismic concerns. The findings will break down barriers to making improvements in the performance of wooden-framed houses and lead to enhancements in the confidence of homeowners in the event of future seismic activity. This will result in increased understanding and contribute towards an accessible knowledge base, which will possibly increase significantly the use of these technologies and avoid unnecessary economic and social costs after a seismic event.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Using case studies from the 2010-2011 Canterbury, New Zealand earthquake sequence, this study assesses the accuracies of paleoliquefaction back-analysis methods and explores the challenges, techniques, and uncertainties associated with their application. While liquefaction-based back-analyses have been widely used to estimate the magnitudes of paleoearthquakes, their uncertain efficacies continue to significantly affect the computed seismic hazard in regions where they are relied upon. Accordingly, their performance is evaluated herein using liquefaction data from modern earthquakes with known magnitudes. It is shown that when the earthquake source location and mechanism are known, back-analysis methods are capable of accurately deriving seismic parameters from liquefaction evidence. However, because the source location and mechanism are often unknown in paleoseismic studies, and because accurate interpretation is shown to be more difficult in such cases, new analysis techniques are proposed herein. An objective parameter is proposed to geospatially assess the likelihood of any provisional source location, enabling an analyst to more accurately estimate the magnitude of a liquefaction-inducing paleoearthquake. This study demonstrates the application of back-analysis methods, provides insight into their potential accuracies, and provides a framework for performing paleoliquefaction analyses worldwide.

Research papers, The University of Auckland Library

In 2013 Becca Wood, Spatial Performance Practitioner, and Molly Mullen, Applied Theatre Practitioner, collaborated to create a short ambulatory performance with audio score for a group of drama educators attending a conference workshop on the possibilities of walking as performance. The performance was created remotely from the intended site: Rangi Ruru Girls’ School, in Christchurch, New Zealand. Following the destruction of the 2012 earthquake, this site was in a state of transformation and recovery. The performance walk attended to the histories, geographies and politics of this place, somatically, architecturally and socially. This paper engages with three critical questions: How might mediated listening and walking activate the coming together of bodies and place? What performative shifts occurred for the participants in the walk and workshop? How might we come to our senses? Through a performative practice of mediated site-based listening and walking, this paper is a reflection on the creative process and performance. We consider the potential for technologically mediated performance to offer new modes for learning and creative practice through interdisciplinary and evolving intermedial practices. http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/crde20/current AM - Accepted Manuscript

Images, Alexander Turnbull Library

The cartoon shows the name in large capital letters 'Christchurch' with the 't' drawn as the Christian cross symbol. Below is text reading '"These deaths are our greatest loss. They remind us that buildings are just buildings, roads just roads, but people are irreplaceable" John Key' Context - The very severe Christchurch earthquake of 22 February 2011 in which probably more than 200 people died. Two versions of this cartoon are available Quantity: 1 digital cartoon(s).

Images, Canterbury Museum

One expandable oblong brown fabric bag produced by Christchurch church group Rechurch; black and green writing on the front and back. Used to deliver lunch to Student Volunteer Army clean up parties after the 4 September 2010 earthquake. This reusable fabric bag from the church group Rechurch, Christchurch was used to deliver lunches to the stu...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One green glass 500ml bottle of Three Boys Brewery ‘Aftershock’ beer. The bottle has a dark green rectangular label with white writing and the brewery logo on front and back. The bottle is sealed by a brass cap with a piece of red brick on top; brick and cap are sealed in wax. Christchurch's artisan Three Boys Brewery sustained only minor damag...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One green glass 500ml bottle of Three Boys Brewery ‘Aftershock’ beer. The bottle has a dark green rectangular label with white writing and the brewery logo on front and back. The bottle is sealed by a brass cap with a piece of red brick on top; brick and cap are sealed in wax. Christchurch's artisan Three Boys Brewery sustained only minor damag...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One green glass 500ml bottle of Three Boys Brewery ‘Aftershock’ beer. The bottle has a dark green rectangular label with white writing and the brewery logo on front and back. The bottle is sealed by a brass cap with a piece of red brick on top; brick and cap are sealed in wax. Christchurch's artisan Three Boys Brewery sustained only minor damag...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One white dust mask with elastic strap to secure around the head. Black printing on the front reads: '3M 8000 / P1 / AS/NZS 1716'. Used by Student Volunteer Army in the clean up after 4 September 2010 earthquake. Face masks were recommended by Christchurch Public Health staff as a safety precaution for those handling liquefaction. Liquefaction ...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One green glass 500ml bottle of Three Boys Brewery ‘Aftershock’ beer. The bottle has a dark green rectangular label with white writing and the brewery logo on front and back. The bottle is sealed by a brass cap with a piece of red brick on top; brick and cap are sealed in wax. Christchurch's artisan Three Boys Brewery sustained only minor damag...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One brown cardboard box which contained a dozen bottles of Three Boys Brewery ‘Aftershock’ beer. The Three Boys logo and name features in black printing on each side with 12x500ml printed on long sides. A dark green sticker with white writing, which also appears on the bottles, is attached to the top leaf. Christchurch's artisan Three Boys Brew...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One black metal spade with plastic handle; white band towards handle. Spade is well used and features remnants of liquefaction. Used by Student Volunteer Army in the clean up after 4 September 2010 earthquake. It is estimated that 1,750 spades similar to this one were used in the cleanup of Christchurch after both the 4 September 2010 and 22 Fe...