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Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by Fairfax, "Nelson College for Girls year 12 leaders (from left) Sophie Day, Petra Matz, Sascha Miller, Jessica Rose, Kate Mickleson, Ming Pons, Yvette Jones-White, Nicola Britten, Eilish Wilson (obscured), Zoey Coombs-King, Abigail Goodison and Mackenzie Orange have started a collection at the college of cans and cash to aid people of Canterbury affected by the recent earthquake".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by Fairfax, "Nelson College for Girls year 12 leaders (from left) Sophie Day, Petra Matz, Sascha Miller, Jessica Rose, Kate Mickleson, Ming Pons, Emma Dallison, Yvette Jones-White, Nicola Britten, Eilish Wilson, Zoey Coombs-King, Abigail Goodison and Mackenzie Orange have started a collection at the college of cans and cash to aid people of Canterbury affected by the recent earthquake".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by Fairfax, "Nelson College for Girls year 12 leaders (from left) Sophie Day, Petra Matz, Sascha Miller, Jessica Rose, Kate Mickleson, Ming Pons, Emma Dallison, Yvette Jones-White, Nicola Britten, Eilish Wilson, Zoey Coombs-King, Abigail Goodison and Mackenzie Orange have started a collection at the college of cans and cash to aid people of Canterbury affected by the recent earthquake".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a camera operator filming members of Crack'd for Christchurch as they work on their armchair artwork.Crack'd for Christchurch comments, "August 2014. Mike Thorpe and camera man filming Flora for Seven Sharp in anticipation of the launch. Only 4 weeks to go. No grout on the chair yet. From left: Sharon Wilson, Marie Hudson, and Jennie Cooper."

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of members of Crack'd for Christchurch working on their armchair artwork. Reporter Mike Thorpe is in the background.Crack'd for Christchurch comments, "August 2014. Mike Thorpe and camera man filming Flora for Seven Sharp in anticipation of the launch. Only 4 weeks to go. No grout on the chair yet. From left: Jenny Cooper, Marie Hudson, and Sharon Wilson."

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by Fairfax, "Aftermath of the earthquake in Christchurch where the cleanup has begun. Teams of building inspectors gathered at the Linwood Service Centre before heading into the eastern suburbs en masse. Jeanette Banks, centre right, shares the relief of having had her property inspected with sister and Red Cross member Sandie Horne, down from Nelson. Napier building inspector, Gary Marshall, left, and City Council planner, Kent Wilson at right".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by Fairfax, "Aftermath of the earthquake in Christchurch where the cleanup has begun. Teams of building inspectors gathered at the Linwood Service Centre before heading into the eastern suburbs en masse. Napier building inspectors Gary Marshall, centre left, and Rod Jarvis were joined by City Council planner, Kent Wilson, right, and Kat Newman, left, who worked as the welfare officer on the team on Dallington Terrace".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by Fairfax, "Aftermath of the earthquake in Christchurch where the cleanup has begun. Teams of building inspectors gathered at the Linwood Service Centre before heading into the eastern suburbs en masse. Jeanette Banks, centre right, shares the relief of having had her property inspected with sister and Red Cross member Sandie Horne, down from Nelson. Napier building inspector, Gary Marshall, left, and City Council planner, Kent Wilson at right".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of members of Crack'd for Christchurch working on their ottoman mosaic. The team have drawn guidelines on the top and sides of the ottoman and are beginning to lay pieces of broken china on top.Crack'd for Christchurch comments, "Otto was mosaicked in Helen Campbell's garage during the summer of 2013 - 2014. From left: Helen Campbell and Sharon Wilson. Helen's long-suffering husband Alan is also in the background."

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of members of Crack'd for Christchurch in their workshop. A number of mosaics of flowers and leaves have been laid out on the carpet in front of them. In the background there are boxes of broken china and furniture stacked in a pile.Crack'd for Christchurch comments, "Early November 2013. Last day for Shirley Walden who is leaving the city. From left: Helen Campbell, Shirley Walden, and Sharon Wilson. We miss you Shirley."

Audio, UC QuakeStudies

A recorded conversation about the arts in Christchurch, facilitated by Rosalee Jenkin (UC CEISMIC) and featuring Sophie Davis (UC Masters student and co-director of North Projects), Lara Strongman (Senior Curator at Christchurch Art Gallery), Gaby Montejo (visual art practitioner and teacher) and Wongi Wilson (street artist and professional graffiti artist). The podcast is the first in a series of conversations hosted by UC CEISMIC about Christchurch, five years on from the February 22 earthquake.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of members of Crack'd for Christchurch sorting through pieces of broken china. Two of the members are using tools to break the china into smaller pieces.Crack'd for Christchurch comments, "May 2011. The team has met, made a plan of attack, and are beginning the huge job of breaking up china into useable pieces which can be stored easily. Some of our earliest members can be seen in this photograph (from left: Sharon Wilson, Shirley Walden, Helen Campbell, and Marie Hudson)."

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

On 4 September 2010 the Magnitude 7.1 'Darfield' Earthquake marked the beginning of the Canterbury earthquake sequence. The Darfield earthquake produced strong ground shaking throughout the centralCanterbury Plains, affecting rural areas, small towns and the city of Christchurch. The event produced a 29km long surface rupture through intensive farmland, causing localised flooding and liquefaction. The central Canterbury plains were subjected to a sustained period of thousands of aftershocks in the months after the Darfield earthquake. The primary sector is a major component of the in New Zealand economy. Business units are predominantly small family-run farm organisations, though there are increasing levels of corporate farming. The agribusiness sector contributes 20 per cent of real GDP and 47 per cent of total exports for New Zealand. Of the approximately 2,000 farms that are located in the Canterbury Plains, the most common farming sectors in the region are Mixed farming (mostly comprised of sheep and/or beef farming), Dairy farming, and Arable farming (cropping). Many farms on the Canterbury Plains require some form of irrigation and are increasingly capital intensive, reliant on built infrastructure, technology and critical services. Farms are of great significance to their local rural economies, with many rural non-farming organisations dependent on the health of local farming organisations. Despite the economic significance of the sector, there have been few, if any studies analysing how modern intensive farms are affected by earthquakes. The aim of this report is to (1) summarise the impacts the Darfield earthquake had on farming organisations and outline in general terms how farms are vulnerable to the effects of an earthquake; (2) identify what factors helped mitigate earthquake-related impacts. Data for this paper was collected through two surveys of farming and rural non-farming organisations following the earthquake and contextual interviews with affected organisations. In total, 78 organisations participated in the study (Figure 1). Farming organisations represented 72% (N=56) of the sample.

Research Papers, Lincoln University

This article reports on a study of community attitudes to cruise tourism in Akaroa, New Zealand. An important dimension of this study is the significant rate of growth in cruise arrivals over a short period of time as the result of the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. Data were collected via a postal survey of the Akaroa community, and yielded a response rate of 56.6% (n = 316). The results indicate that despite the recent growth in arrivals, the Akaroa community holds a largely favorable opinion of cruise tourism. Importantly, the impacts identified by respondents were more closely aligned to threats to their identity as a destination, rather than problems with tourism, per se.

Research Papers, Lincoln University

Initial recovery focus is on road access (especially the inland SH70) although attention also needs to be focussed on the timelines for reopening SH1 to the south. Information on progress and projected timelines is updated daily via NZTA (www.nzta.govt.nz/eq-travel ). Network analyses indicate potential day trip access and re-establishment of the Alpine Pacific triangle route. When verified against ‘capacity to host’ (Part 2 (15th December) there appears to potential for the reestablishment of overnight visits. Establishing secure road access is the key constraint to recovery. In terms of the economic recovery the Kaikoura District has traditionallyattracted a large number of visitors which can be grouped as: second home (and caravan) owners, domestic New Zealand and international travellers. These have been seen through a behaviour lens as “short stop”, ‘day” (where Kaikoura is the specific focal destination) and overnight visitors. At the present restricted access appears to make the latter group less amenable to visiting Kaikoura, not the least because the two large marine mammal operators have a strong focus on international visitors. For the present the domestic market provides a greater initial pathway to recovery. Our experiences in and reflections on Christchurch suggest Kaikoura will not go back to what it once was. A unique opportunity exists to reframe the Kaikoura experience around earthquake geology and its effects on human and natural elements. To capitalise on this opportunity there appears to be a need to move quickly on programming and presenting such experiences as part of a pathway to re-enabling domestic tourists while international visitor bookings and flows can be re-established. The framework developed for this study appears to be robust for rapid post disaster assessment. It needs to be regularly updated and linked with emerging governance and recovery processes.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

In this paper, we consider how religious leaders and Civil Defence authorities might collaborate to establish a two-way information conduit during the aftermath of a disaster. Using surveys and in-person interviews, clergy in different Christian denominations were asked about their roles in the earthquake, the needs of their congregations and the possibilities and obstacles to deeper collaboration with Civil Defence authorities.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of members of Crack'd for Christchurch working in their workshop. A number of mosaics of flowers and leaves have been laid out on the table in front of them. Boxes of broken china are organised on the shelf behind.Crack'd for Christchurch comments, "Back at the workshop, flower making continues. You can see a table covered with flower motifs, looking amazing. We had to make the flowers at home in the evenings as we all worked during the day. After much trial and error our flower experts (Helen, Sharon, and Jennie) came up with a clever way to attach the tiny pieces to mesh, so they could be transferred to the chair easily. From left: Sharon Wilson, Helen Campbell, and Shirley Walden."

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Recent tsunami events have highlighted the importance of effective tsunami risk management strategies (including land-use planning, structural and natural mitigation, warning systems, education and evacuation planning). However, the rarity of tsunami means that empirical data concerning reactions to tsunami warnings and evacuation behaviour is rare when compared to findings for evacuations from other hazards. More knowledge is required to document the full evacuation process, including responses to warnings, pre-evacuation actions, evacuation dynamics, and the return home. Tsunami evacuation modelling has the potential to inform evidence-based tsunami risk planning and response. However, to date, tsunami evacuation models have largely focused on the timings of evacuations, rather than behaviours of those evacuating. In this research, survey data was gathered from coastal communities in Banks Peninsula and Christchurch, New Zealand, relating to behaviours and actions during the November 14th 2016 Kaikōura earthquake tsunami. Survey questions asked about immediate actions following the earthquake shaking, reactions to tsunami warnings, pre-evacuation actions, evacuation dynamics and details on congestion. This data was analysed to characterise trends and identify factors that influenced evacuation actions and behaviour, and was further used to develop a realistic evacuation model prototype to evaluate the capacity of the roading network in Banks Peninsula during a tsunami evacuation. The evacuation model incorporated tsunami risk management strategies that have been implemented by local authorities, and exposure and vulnerability data, alongside the empirical data collected from the survey. This research enhances knowledge of tsunami evacuation behaviour and reactions to tsunami warnings, and can be used to refine evacuation planning to ensure that people can evacuate efficiently, thereby reducing their tsunami exposure and personal risk.

Research Papers, Lincoln University

Tourism is New Zealand’s fourth largest industry, providing jobs for thousands of New Zealanders and significant foreign capital for the nation’s economy. Of concern to ministry and industry decision makers is the “spatial yield” of these tourists which takes into account the spatial and temporal contributions of their movements in terms of economic, cultural and environmental impacts. We have developed an agent-based model of tourism movements to simulate these impacts and to allow for the evaluation of different scenarios (such as increases in petrol prices or variations in currency exchange rates) on the behaviours of those tourists. In order to develop realistic and grounded heuristics for the model, interview protocols were developed in order to identify the key drivers in tourists’ decision making process.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Background and methodology The Mw 7.8, 14th November 2016 earthquake centred (item b, figure 1) in the Hurunui District of the South Island, New Zealand, damaged critical infrastructure across North Canterbury and Marlborough. We investigate the impacts to infrastructure and adaptations to the resulting service disruption in four small rural towns (figure 1): Culverden (a), Waiau (c), Ward (d) and Seddon (e). This is accomplished though literary research, interviews and geospatial analysis. Illustrating our methods, we have displayed here a Hurunui District hazard map (figure 2b) and select infrastructure inventories (figures 2a, 3).