A photograph of St John's Anglican Church in Hororata. The spire of the church, which partially collapsed in the 4 September earthquake, has been boarded up in order to protect the building from rain. This photograph was modelled off an image taken by BeckerFraserPhotos in October 2010.
This paper presents on-going challenges in the present paradigm shift of earthquakeinduced ground motion prediction from empirical to physics-based simulation methods. The 2010-2011 Canterbury and 2016 Kaikoura earthquakes are used to illustrate the predictive potential of the different methods. On-going efforts on simulation validation and theoretical developments are then presented, as well as the demands associated with the need for explicit consideration of modelling uncertainties. Finally, discussion is also given to the tools and databases needed for the efficient utilization of simulated ground motions both in specific engineering projects as well as for near-real-time impact assessment.
A photograph of large cracks in the ground around a piece of artwork near the Kaiapoi River.
A photograph of contractor Tony Fisher of Fisher Agricultural Ltd. inspecting a dug out soil pit on a farm near River Road in Lincoln.
A photograph of a concrete pad under a picnic table near Governors Bay Road. The concrete has shifted in the ground.
A photograph of an earthquake-damaged shop on the corner of Manchester Street and Struthers Lane, near Sol Square.
A photograph of large cracks in a footpath near the Kaiapoi River.
A photograph of the cracks between the windows of St Elmo Courts on the corner of Hereford and Montreal Streets.
A photograph of a large sand volcano on a farm near River Road in Lincoln being spread out with multiple power-harrow passes.
A photograph of a fence post that lifted out of the ground during the earthquake, pulling a clump of soil with it.
A photograph of University of Canterbury Geology staff and students using ground penetrating radar (GPR) to survey land on the Greendale fault line.
A goods train stopped on the track beside SH71 near Rangiora. Trains were unable to run until buckled tracks were inspected and repaired.
A photograph of University of Canterbury Geology student Matt Cockcroft using ground penetrating radar (GPR) to survey land on the Greendale fault line.
A photograph of University of Canterbury Geology staff and students using ground penetrating radar (GPR) to survey land on the Greendale fault line.
A colour photograph of the Manchester Courts following the 4 September 2011 earthquake, taken from Manchester Street.
Large cracks along a footpath barred off by City Care tape along the river in Avonside after the September 4th earthquake.
A photograph submitted by Anonymous to the QuakeStories website. The description reads, "Wandering around Bexley early on Sept 4th.".
A photograph submitted by Anonymous to the QuakeStories website. The description reads, "The petrol station in Bexley, Sept 4th.".
A photograph submitted by Anonymous to the QuakeStories website. The description reads, "Tree collapse on the Avon, Sept 4th.".
A photograph submitted by Anonymous to the QuakeStories website. The description reads, "Wandering around Bexley early on Sept 4th.".
A photograph of the earthquake damage to Asko Design and Mod's Hairdressing on Victoria Street.
A photograph of a damaged footpath captioned by Paul Corliss, "Avonside and Retreat Roads post earthquake".
A photograph of a car, crushed by falling masonry, on Lichfield Street.
A photograph of cars driving near a large crack in the pavement of Gayhurst Road.
A photograph of furniture outside the Asko Design store on Victoria Street.
A photograph of a large crack between the pavement and the grass on Gayhurst Road.
A photograph of cracks in the Groovy Glasses Building on Manchester Street.
A photograph of cracking in the footpath near a bus stop on Gayhurst Road.
A photograph of cracking in the footpath near a bus stop on Gayhurst Road.
People waiting for a film to start at Gap Filler's first project at 832 Colombo Street.