A photograph of street art on a wall between Brighton Mall and Hawke Street. The photographer believes that the artwork was created by the artist 'Porta'.
A photograph of street art on a wall along Oxford Street in Lyttelton. The street art depicts buildings that were lost in Lyttelton after the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.
A car park on the corner of Tuam and Colombo Streets replaces the building that was demolished there. On the wall of an adjoining building, a chalkboard mural encourages people to leave their thoughts, with the prompt "I hope Christchurch will...".
A photograph of USAR codes spra-painted on the front doors of Dick Smith on Manchester Street. A yellow sticker on the door indicates that access to the building is restricted.
A photograph of an earthquake-damaged house in Christchurch. The walls on the side of the house have crumbled and the bricks have damaged the fence. A red sticker on the front window indicates that the building is unsafe to enter.
A photograph of street art on a wall along Oxford Street in Lyttelton. The street art depicts buildings that were lost in Lyttelton after the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.
A photograph of street art on a wall along Oxford Street in Lyttelton. The street art depicts buildings that were lost in Lyttelton after the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.
A photograph of street art on a wall along Oxford Street in Lyttelton. The street art depicts buildings that were lost in Lyttelton after the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.
A photograph of volunteers fron the Wellington Emergency Management Office walking down an earthquake damaged street in Christchurch. In the background, one of the houses has a yellow sticker, indicating that access is restricted.
A photograph of a crack running across Gayhurst Road, with a line of cars in the distance. A temporary road sign indicates that the speed limit is 30 km/h in this area.
A photograph of an earthquake-damaged house in Christchurch. The bricks on the side of the house have crumbled and damaged the fence. A red sticker on the front window indicates that the building is unsafe to enter.
A photograph of USAR codes spray painted on the window of Kebab Masters on Cashel Street. In the foreground, a road sign indicates that the road is closed ahead.
A photograph of USAR codes spray-painted on Grenadier House on Madras Street. A red sticker taped to the glass above indicates that the building is unsafe to enter.
An image used an email signature celebrating Matariki 2015. It reads, "Celebrate Matariki by doing more of the little things that make a big difference.
A photograph of a road cone on Kingsford Street that has been wrapped in tinsel and decorated for Christmas. A Santa hat and glasses have also been used to decorate it.
A photograph of a man inflating one of the paper origami balloons of Halo. Halo is a temporary installation that is part of LUXCITY.
The A and T Burt building on Ferry Road in Woolston. Bricks that have collapsed from the top section of the building have been cleared from the footpath below, and the building has been cordoned off with a safety fence.
An image used as a Facebook tile to share a person's top strength upon completion of a VIA personality survey. The image reads, "Forget bass, I'm all about that... Self-regulation".
A photograph of Pretty Things on Colombo Street, with damage to the front wall and fencing around the building. A red sticker can be seen on the front door, indicating that the building is unsafe to enter.
A photograph of street art on the partially-demolished wall of the Odeon Theatre. The photograph believes that the artwork was created by the artist Owen Dippie.
The door of Knox Presbyterian Church on Bealey Avenue. A red sticker has been taped to the door, indicating that the building is unsafe to enter. USAR codes have also been spray painted below.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "One of the many tents that have been set up around Christchurch, provided by KOICA, Korea International Cooperation Agency to provide shelter for staff and cordon personnel".
A photograph of street art on a brick wall near the corner of Alfred Street and Fitzgerald Avenue. The photographer believes that the artwork was created by the artist 'Paulie'.
A photograph of street art on a wall along Oxford Street in Lyttelton. The street art depicts buildings that were lost in Lyttelton after the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.
A photograph of plywood taped to the broken glass of Coco's Hair Design on Colombo Street. A green sticker in the window indicates that the building has been inspected and is safe to enter.
A photograph of street art above the Hereford Street entrance of the YMCA. The photographer believes that the artworks were created by (from left to right) Sofles, Paulie, and Quench/Drapl.
A photograph of street art on a brick wall near the corner of Alfred Street and Fitzgerald Avenue. The photographer believes that the artwork was created by the artist 'Paulie'.
Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading during earthquakes poses a significant hazard to the built environment, as observed in Christchurch during the 2010 to 2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES). It is critical that geotechnical earthquake engineers are able to adequately predict both the spatial extent of lateral spreads and magnitudes of associated ground movements for design purposes. Published empirical and semi-empirical models for predicting lateral spread displacements have been shown to vary by a factor of <0.5 to >2 from those measured in parts of Christchurch during CES. Comprehensive post- CES lateral spreading studies have clearly indicated that the spatial distribution of the horizontal displacements and extent of lateral spreading along the Avon River in eastern Christchurch were strongly influenced by geologic, stratigraphic and topographic features.
Existing unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings are often composed of traditional construction techniques, with poor connections between walls and diaphragms that results in poor performance when subjected to seismic actions. In these cases the application of the common equivalent static procedure is not applicable because it is not possible to assure “box like” behaviour of the structure. In such conditions the ultimate strength of the structure relies on the behaviour of the macro-elements that compose the deformation mechanisms of the whole structure. These macroelements are a single or combination of structural elements of the structure which are bonded one to each other. The Canterbury earthquake sequence was taken as a reference to estimate the most commonly occurring collapse mechanisms found in New Zealand URM buildings in order to define the most appropriate macroelements.
The latest two great earthquake sequences; 2010- 2011 Canterbury Earthquake and 2016 Kaikoura Earthquake, necessitate a better understanding of the New Zealand seismic hazard condition for new building design and detailed assessment of existing buildings. It is important to note, however, that the New Zealand seismic hazard map in NZS 1170.5.2004 is generalised in effort to cover all of New Zealand and limited to a earthquake database prior to 2001. This is “common” that site-specific studies typically provide spectral accelerations different to those shown on the national map (Z values in NZS 1170.5:2004); and sometimes even lower. Moreover, Section 5.2 of Module 1 of the Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering Practice series provide the guidelines to perform site- specific studies.