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Images for 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes; more images...

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video of an interview with Martin Bell, Managing Partner at Corcoran French, about the company's experiences after the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes. This video is part of The Press's 'Up and Running' series which showcases businesses which stayed up and running despite the challenges posed by the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video of an interview with Murray Gorton, Group General Manager at Archibald Motors, about the company's experiences after the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes. This video is part of The Press's 'Up and Running' series, showcasing businesses which have stayed up and running despite the challenges posed by the 2010 and 2011 Canterbury earthquakes.

Images, Canterbury Museum

One blue soft cover children’s book titled 'Quaky Cat' with text by Diana Noonan and colour illustrations by Gavin Bishop. The earthquakes and accompanying aftershocks in Canterbury proved to be a very frightening experience, especially for children. This book was written in response to the 4 September 2010 earthquake to help children understan...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in Lyttelton following the February 22 earthquake. Permit authorised by commanding officer HMNZS Canterbury. File ref: CCL-2011-03-05-After-The-Earthquake-P1110452 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading in large seismic events often results in pervasive and costly damage to engineering structures and lifelines, making it a critical component of engineering design. However, the complex nature of this phenomenon leads to designing for such a hazard extremely challenging and there is a clear for an improved understanding and predicting liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. The 2010-2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) Earthquakes triggered severe liquefaction-induced lateral spreading along the streams and rivers of the Christchurch region, causing extensive damage to roads, bridges, lifelines, and structures in the vicinity. The unfortunate devastation induced from lateral spreading in these events also rendered the rare opportunity to gain an improved understanding of lateral spreading displacements specific to the Christchurch region. As part of this thesis, the method of ground surveying was employed following the 4 September 2010 Darfield (Mw 7.1) and 22 February 2011 Christchurch (Mw 6.2) earthquakes at 126 locations (19 repeated) throughout Christchurch and surrounding suburbs. The method involved measurements and then summation of crack widths along a specific alignment (transect) running approximately perpendicular to the waterway to indicate typically a maximum lateral displacement at the bank and reduction of the magnitude of displacements with distance from the river. Rigorous data processing and comparisons with alternative measurements of lateral spreading were performed to verify results from field observations and validate the method of ground surveying employed, as well as highlight the complex nature of lateral spreading displacements. The welldocumented field data was scrutinized to gain an understanding of typical magnitudes and distribution patterns (distribution of displacement with distance) of lateral spreading observed in the Christchurch area. Maximum displacements ranging from less than 10 cm to over 3.5 m were encountered at the sites surveyed and the area affected by spreading ranged from less than 20 m to over 200 m from the river. Despite the highly non-uniform displacements, four characteristic distribution patterns including large, distributed ground displacements, block-type movements, large and localized ground displacements, and areas of little to no displacements were identified. Available geotechnical, seismic, and topographic data were collated at the ground surveying sites for subsequent analysis of field measurements. Two widely-used empirical models (Zhang et al. (2004), Youd et al. (2002)) were scrutinized and applied to locations in the vicinity of field measurements for comparison with model predictions. The results indicated generally poor correlation (outside a factor of two) with empirical predictions at most locations and further validated the need for an improved, analysis- based method of predicting lateral displacements that considers the many factors involved on a site-specific basis. In addition, the development of appropriate model input parameters for the Youd et al. (2002) model led to a site-specific correlation of soil behavior type index, Ic, and fines content, FC, for sites along the Avon River in Christchurch that matched up well with existing Ic – FC relationships commonly used in current practice. Lastly, a rigorous analysis was performed for 25 selected locations of ground surveying measurements along the Avon River where ground slope conditions are mild (-1 to 2%) and channel heights range from about 2 – 4.5 m. The field data was divided into categories based on the observed distribution pattern of ground displacements including: large and distributed, moderate and distributed, small to negligible, and large and localized. A systematic approach was applied to determine potential critical layers contributing to the observed displacement patterns which led to the development of characteristic profiles for each category considered. The results of these analyses outline an alternative approach to the evaluation of lateral spreading in which a detailed geotechnical analysis is used to identify the potential for large spreading displacements and likely spatial distribution patterns of spreading. Key factors affecting the observed magnitude and distribution of spreading included the thickness of the critical layer, relative density, soil type and layer continuity. It was found that the large and distributed ground displacements were associated with a thick (1.5 – 2.5 m) deposit of loose, fine to silty sand (qc1 ~4-7 MPa, Ic 1.9-2.1, qc1n_cs ~50-70) that was continuous along the bank and with distance from the river. In contrast, small to negligible displacements were characterized by an absence of or relatively thin (< 1 m), discontinuous critical layer. Characteristic features of the moderate and distributed displacements were found to be somewhere between these two extremes. The localized and large displacements showed a characteristic critical layer similar to that observed in the large and distributed sites but that was not continuous and hence leading to the localized zone of displacement. The findings presented in this thesis illustrate the highly complex nature of lateral displacements that cannot be captured in simplified models but require a robust geotechnical analysis similar to that performed for this research.

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 27 May 2013 of a retaining wall in Sumner Road which was replaced due to earthquake damage. The original wall was created using red volcanic rock. Many walls like this were built using the Hard Labour Gang from the Lyttelton Gaol. The replacement wall has a small section of stone installed to sho...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 27 May 2013 of a retaining wall in Sumner Road which was replaced due to earthquake damage. The original wall was created using red volcanic rock. Many walls like this were built using the Hard Labour Gang from the Lyttelton Gaol. The replacement wall has a small section of stone installed to sho...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 1 March 2011 showing the road between Franklin and Queenstown with an electronic road work sign depicting the words 'Kia Kaha Christchurch'. People all around New Zealand participated in gestures of support for Christchurch following the 6.3 magnitude earthquake on 22 February 2011. In Queenstown...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 1 March 2011 showing the road between Franklin and Queenstown with an electronic road work sign depicting the words '12.51pm 2 minutes silence'. People all around New Zealand participated in gestures of support for Christchurch following the 6.3 magnitude earthquake on 22 February 2011. In Queens...

Images, Alexander Turnbull Library

The title reads 'All shook up.... The cartoon shows the year '2010' shaking and dropping bits off the ends of the numbers. A second version has pupils inside the two zeros so that they look like eyes. Context - The Christchurch earthquake of 4 September 2010 and aftershocks which are continuing into 2011. 'All shook up' is the name of a song made famous by Elvis Presley. Quantity: 2 digital cartoon(s).

Images, Alexander Turnbull Library

Text reads 'Canterbury lamb...' and the cartoon shows a slavering wolf that represents 'earthquake' dressed in 'lamb's clothing' and prowling in the night among other sheep. Context - The saying 'a wolf in sheep's clothing' that suggests something sinister sheltering behind something benign. Refers to the devastating Christchurch earthquakes of 2010 and 2011. A third very damaging earthquake occured on 13th June 2011. 'Canterbury lamb' is well-known as a favourite meat overseas. Quantity: 1 digital cartoon(s).